# 本章小结

分布式系统是计算机学科中十分重要的一个领域。随着集群规模的不断增长，所处理的数据量越来越大，对于性能、可靠性的要求越来越高，分布式系统相关技术已经变得越来越重要，起到的作用也越来越关键。

分布式系统中如何保证共识是个经典问题，无论在学术上还是在工程上都存在很高的研究价值。令人遗憾的是，理想的（各项指标均最优）解决方案并不存在，在现实各种约束条件下，往往需要通过牺牲掉某些需求，来设计出满足特定场景的协议。通过本章的学习，读者可以体会到在工程应用中的类似设计技巧。

实际上，工程领域中不少问题都不存在一劳永逸的通用解法；而实用的解决思路都是合理地在实际需求和条件限制之间进行灵活的取舍（trade-off）。

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